Rules Of Thumb : Evaporators

Long tube vertical evaporators with either natural or forced circulation are most popular. Tubes are 19–63 mm dia and 12–30 ft long. In forced circulation, linear velocities in the tubes are 15–20 ft/sec. Film-related efficiency losses can be minimized by maintaining a suitable temperature gradient, for instance 40–458F. A reasonable overall heat transfer...

Instrumentation Reference Book, Fourth Edition

Instrumentation embraces the equipment and systems used to detect, track and store data related to physical, chemical, electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of materials, systems and operations. While traditionally a key area within mechanical and industrial engineering, it also has a strong presence in electrical, chemical, civil and environmental...

Rules Of Thumb : Filtration

Processes are classified by their rate of cake buildup in a laboratory vacuum leaf filter: rapid, 0.1–10.0 cm/sec; medium, 0.1–10.0 cm/min; slow, 0.1–10.0 cm/hr. The selection of a filtration method depends partly on which phase is the valuable one. For liquid phase being the valuable one, filter presses, sand filters, and pressure filters are suitable....

Submerged Arc Welding SAW | Submerged Arc Welding Deposition Rates | Submerged Arc Welding Flux Composition

Submerged arc welding: (SAW) In submerged arc welding also known as hidden arc welding, submerged melt welding, or sub-arc welding the arc is struck between a metal electrode and the work piece under a blanket of granular flux. The welding action takes place under the flux layer without any visible arc, spatter, smoke or flash. Here the weld arc is...